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CSS Grid Layout
CSS Grid Layout Module
The Grid Layout Module offers a grid-based layout system, with rows and columns.
The Grid Layout Module allows developers to easily create complex web layouts.
The Grid Layout Module makes it easy to design a responsive layout structure,
without using
float or positioning.
My Header
Grid vs. Flexbox
CSS Grid is used for two-dimensional layout, with rows AND columns.
CSS Flexbox is used for one-dimensional layout, with rows OR columns.
CSS Grid Components
A grid always consists of:
- A Grid Container - The parent (container) element, where the
displayproperty is set togridorinline-grid - One or more Grid Items - The direct children of the grid container automatically becomes grid items
A Grid Container with Five Grid Items
The element below represents a grid container (the blue area) with five grid items.
1
2
3
4
5
Example
A grid container with five grid items:
<html>
<head>
<style>
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
background-color: dodgerblue;
padding: 10px;
}
.container div {
background-color: #f1f1f1;
border: 1px solid black;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 30px;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>
<div>5</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Note: You will learn more about grid containers and grid items in the next chapters.
All CSS Grid Properties
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| align-content | Vertically aligns the whole grid inside the container (when total grid size is smaller than container) |
| align-items | Specifies the default alignment for items inside a flexbox or grid container |
| align-self | Aligns the content for a specific grid item along the column axis |
| display | Specifies the display behavior (the type of rendering box) of an element |
| column-gap | Specifies the gap between the columns |
| gap | A shorthand property for the row-gap and the column-gap properties |
| grid | A shorthand property for the grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, grid-template-areas, grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns, and the grid-auto-flow properties |
| grid-area | Either specifies a name for the grid item, or this property is a shorthand property for the grid-row-start, grid-column-start, grid-row-end, and grid-column-end properties |
| grid-auto-columns | Specifies a default column size |
| grid-auto-flow | Specifies how auto-placed items are inserted in the grid |
| grid-auto-rows | Specifies a default row size |
| grid-column | A shorthand property for the grid-column-start and the grid-column-end properties |
| grid-column-end | Specifies where to end the grid item |
| grid-column-start | Specifies where to start the grid item |
| grid-row | A shorthand property for the grid-row-start and the grid-row-end properties |
| grid-row-end | Specifies where to end the grid item |
| grid-row-start | Specifies where to start the grid item |
| grid-template | A shorthand property for the grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns and grid-areas properties |
| grid-template-areas | Specifies how to display columns and rows, using named grid items |
| grid-template-columns | Specifies the size of the columns, and how many columns in a grid layout |
| grid-template-rows | Specifies the size of the rows in a grid layout |
| justify-content | Horizontally aligns the whole grid inside the container (when total grid size is smaller than container) |
| justify-self | Aligns the content for a specific grid item along the row axis |
| place-self | A shorthand property for the align-self and the justify-self properties |
| place-content | A shorthand property for the align-content and the justify-content properties |
| row-gap | Specifies the gap between the grid rows |
